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Machine Learning

A collection of articles and resources on clinical applications of machine learning.

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RESEARCH

Original Investigation

Comparing Physician and Chatbot Responses to Patient Questions

John W. Ayers, PhD, MA, Adam Poliak, PhD et al.

Research Letter

Appropriateness of Cardiovascular Disease Prevention Recommendations From Online Chat-Based AI Model

Ashish Sarraju, MD, Dennis Bruemmer, MD, PhD et al.

Research Letter

States’ Methods for Capturing and Reporting Local Responses to Suspected Nonfatal Drug Overdoses

Christian Johnson, MPH, Megan Catlin, MS et al.

Original Investigation

Accuracy of Stroke Risk Prediction Models by Race, Sex, and Age

Chuan Hong, PhD, Michael J. Pencina, PhD et al.

Original Investigation

Artificial Intelligence and Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Chronic Back Pain

John D. Piette, MSc, PhD, Sean Newman, MS et al.

Original Investigation

External Validation of a Widely Implemented Sepsis Prediction Model in Hospitalized Patients

Andrew Wong, MD, Erkin Otles, MEng et al.

Research Letter

Global Media Coverage of the Benefits and Harms of Early Detection Tests

Mary O’Keeffe, PhD, Alexandra Barratt, MD et al.

Original Investigation

Concordance Between Blood Pressure in SPRINT and in Routine Clinical Practice

Paul E. Drawz, MD, MHS, MS, Anil Agarwal, MD et al.

Original Investigation

Detection of Pathogenic Variants With Germline Genetic Testing in Patients With Prostate Cancer and Melanoma

Saud H. AlDubayan, MD, Jake R. Conway, BSc et al.

Research Letter

Geographic Distribution of US Cohorts Used to Train Deep Learning Algorithms

Amit Kaushal, MD, PhD, Russ Altman, MD, PhD et al.

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REVIEW

Special Communication

Artificial Intelligence in Breast Cancer Screening

Kunal C. Potnis, BS, Joseph S. Ross, MD, MHS et al.

Users' Guides to the Medical Literature

How to Read Articles That Use Machine Learning

Yun Liu, PhD, Po-Hsuan Cameron Chen, PhD et al.

JAMA Guide to Statistics and Methods

On Deep Learning for Medical Image Analysis

Lawrence Carin, PhD, Michael J. Pencina, PhD

OPINION

Perspective

Hey Chatbot, Write Me an H&P

Teva D. Brender, MD

Invited Commentary

Chatbots and Modern Medicine—Fountain of Creativity or Pandora’s Box?

Ron Li, MD, Andre Kumar, MD, MEd et al.

Viewpoint

AI-Generated Medical Advice—GPT and Beyond

Claudia E. Haupt, JSD, PhD, Mason Marks, MD, JD

Viewpoint

Harnessing the Promise of Artificial Intelligence Responsibly

David A. Dorr, MD, MS, Laura Adams, MS et al.

Editorial

Nonhuman “Authors” and Implications for the Integrity of Scientific Publication and Medical Knowledge

Annette Flanagin, RN, MA, Kirsten Bibbins-Domingo, PhD, MD, MAS et al.

Viewpoint

Clinical Algorithms, Antidiscrimination Laws, and Medical Device Regulation

Katherine E. Goodman, PhD, JD, Daniel J. Morgan, MD, MS et al.

Viewpoint

Prevention of Bias and Discrimination in Clinical Practice Algorithms

Carmel Shachar, JD, MPH, Sara Gerke, Dipl-Jur Univ, MA

Viewpoint

Decoding Artificial Intelligence to Achieve Diagnostic Excellence

Jonathan H. Chen, MD, PhD, Gurpreet Dhaliwal, MD et al.

Viewpoint

Rethinking Algorithm Performance Metrics for Artificial Intelligence in Diagnostic Medicine

Matthew A. Reyna, PhD, MS, Elaine O. Nsoesie, PhD et al.

Viewpoint

Preparing Clinicians for a Clinical World Influenced by Artificial Intelligence

Cornelius A. James, MD, Robert M. Wachter, MD et al.

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SPECIALTY MACHINE LEARNING
Cardiology
AI-Enabled Analysis of Statin-Related Topics and Sentiments on Social Media JAMA Network Open |
Use of Machine Learning to Identify Children with Kawasaki Disease JAMA Network Open |
Physiologic Monitoring Strategies in the Emergency Department JAMA Network Open |
Machine Learning and Social Determinants of Health JAMA Cardiology |
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SPECIALTY MACHINE LEARNING
Dermatology
Diagnostic Performance of Dermatologists Cooperating With a CNN JAMA Dermatology |
AI Support Tool for Telemedicine JAMA Dermatology |
Checklist for Evaluation of Image-Based Artificial Intelligence Reports in Dermatology JAMA Dermatology |
Machine Learning–Based Deep Phenotyping of Atopic Dermatitis JAMA Dermatology |
Lack of Transparency and Potential Bias in AI Data Sets and Algorithms JAMA Dermatology |
Risk of Bias and Error From Data Sets Used for Dermatologic AI JAMA Dermatology |
Clinical Evaluation of Artificial Intelligence–Based Digital Wound Assessment Tools JAMA Network Open |
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SPECIALTY MACHINE LEARNING
Cardiology
Dermatology
Diagnostic Performance of Dermatologists Cooperating With a CNN JAMA Dermatology |
AI-Enabled Analysis of Statin-Related Topics and Sentiments on Social Media JAMA Network Open |
AI Support Tool for Telemedicine JAMA Dermatology |
Use of Machine Learning to Identify Children with Kawasaki Disease JAMA Network Open |
Physiologic Monitoring Strategies in the Emergency Department JAMA Network Open |
Machine Learning–Based Deep Phenotyping of Atopic Dermatitis JAMA Dermatology |
Machine Learning and Social Determinants of Health JAMA Cardiology |
Risk of Bias and Error From Data Sets Used for Dermatologic AI JAMA Dermatology |
Clinical Evaluation of Artificial Intelligence–Based Digital Wound Assessment Tools JAMA Network Open |
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Neurology
Studying Healthy Psychosislike Experiences to Improve Illness Prediction JAMA Psychiatry |
Evaluation of Risk of Bias in Neuroimaging-Based AI Models for Psychiatric Diagnosis JAMA Network Open |
Accuracy of Stroke Risk Prediction Models by Race, Sex, and Age JAMA |
Choosing the Best Antiseizure Medication JAMA Neurology |
Model to Identify Critical Brain Injuries Using Natural Language Processing JAMA Network Open |
A Deep Learning Model for Brain Tumor Diagnosis and Classification Using MRI JAMA Network Open |
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Oncology
Artificial Intelligence Decision Aids in Thyroid Nodule Management JAMA Network Open |
Estimating Cancer Treatment Tolerability for Older Adults With Advanced Cancer JAMA Network Open |
Symptom Clusters and Adverse Outcomes Among Older Adults With Advanced Cancer JAMA Network Open |
Recalibration of a Deep Learning Algorithm to Inform Lung Cancer Screening Intervals JAMA Network Open |
Validation of a Machine Learning–Derived Feature for Colon Cancer Risk Stratification JAMA Network Open |
Predicting Survival of Patients With Cancer Using Natural Language Processing JAMA Network Open |
Artificial Intelligence to Detect Lesions in Digital Breast Tomosynthesis JAMA Network Open |
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Neurology
Oncology
Studying Healthy Psychosislike Experiences to Improve Illness Prediction JAMA Psychiatry |
Artificial Intelligence Decision Aids in Thyroid Nodule Management JAMA Network Open |
Evaluation of Risk of Bias in Neuroimaging-Based AI Models for Psychiatric Diagnosis JAMA Network Open |
Accuracy of Stroke Risk Prediction Models by Race, Sex, and Age JAMA |
Recalibration of a Deep Learning Algorithm to Inform Lung Cancer Screening Intervals JAMA Network Open |
Choosing the Best Antiseizure Medication JAMA Neurology |
Validation of a Machine Learning–Derived Feature for Colon Cancer Risk Stratification JAMA Network Open |
Model to Identify Critical Brain Injuries Using Natural Language Processing JAMA Network Open |
Predicting Survival of Patients With Cancer Using Natural Language Processing JAMA Network Open |
A Deep Learning Model for Brain Tumor Diagnosis and Classification Using MRI JAMA Network Open |
Artificial Intelligence to Detect Lesions in Digital Breast Tomosynthesis JAMA Network Open |
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Otolaryngology
Predicting Emergency Department Use and Unplanned Hospitalization in Patients With Head and Neck Cancer JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery |
A Deep Learning Approach to Predict Conductive Hearing Loss in Patients With Otitis Media With Effusion JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery |
Deep Learning for Clinical Image Analyses in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery |
Deep Learning to Augment Image-Guided Radiotherapy for Head and Neck and Prostate Cancers JAMA Network Open |
Machine Learning–Guided Adjuvant Treatment of Head and Neck Cancer JAMA Network Open |
Use of Deep Learning to Analyze Social Media Discussions About the HPV Vaccine JAMA Network Open |
Machine Learning Model for Survival Risk Stratification in Advanced Oral Cancer JAMA Network Open |
Automated Mandibular Movement Monitoring for Obstructive Sleep Apnea JAMA Network Open |
Machine Learning by Ultrasonography for Genetic Risk Stratification JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery |
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Ophthalmology
Otolaryngology
A Deep Learning Approach to Predict Conductive Hearing Loss in Patients With Otitis Media With Effusion JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery |
Deep Learning for Clinical Image Analyses in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery |
Artificial Intelligence Bias and Ethics in Retinal Imaging JAMA Ophthalmology |
Deep Learning to Augment Image-Guided Radiotherapy for Head and Neck and Prostate Cancers JAMA Network Open |
Machine Learning–Guided Adjuvant Treatment of Head and Neck Cancer JAMA Network Open |
Use of Deep Learning to Analyze Social Media Discussions About the HPV Vaccine JAMA Network Open |
Estimation of Visual Function Using Deep Learning in Retinitis Pigmentosa JAMA Ophthalmology |
Machine Learning Model for Survival Risk Stratification in Advanced Oral Cancer JAMA Network Open |
Eyeing a Role for Artificial Intelligence in Clinical Trials JAMA Ophthalmology |
Automated Mandibular Movement Monitoring for Obstructive Sleep Apnea JAMA Network Open |
Machine Learning by Ultrasonography for Genetic Risk Stratification JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery |
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Pediatrics
Deep Learning for Detection and Symptom Severity Assessment of ASD JAMA Network Open |
Machine Learning and Statistics in Clinical Research Articles JAMA Pediatrics |
Perspectives of Youths on the Ethical Use of Artificial Intelligence JAMA Network Open |
AI-Enabled Analysis of Statin-Related Topics and Sentiments on Social Media JAMA Network Open |
Accuracy, User Engagement, and Themes of Eating Disorder Content in Social Media Short Videos JAMA Network Open |
Use of Machine Learning to Identify Children with Kawasaki Disease JAMA Network Open |
Estimation of Visual Function Using Deep Learning in Retinitis Pigmentosa JAMA Ophthalmology |
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Psychiatry
Deep Learning for Detection and Symptom Severity Assessment of ASD JAMA Network Open |
Studying Healthy Psychosislike Experiences to Improve Illness Prediction JAMA Psychiatry |
Accuracy, User Engagement, and Themes of Eating Disorder Content in Social Media Short Videos JAMA Network Open |
Machine Learning–Based Prediction of ADHD and Sleep Problems Among Children JAMA Network Open |
Evaluation of Risk of Bias in Neuroimaging-Based AI Models for Psychiatric Diagnosis JAMA Network Open |
Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Geographic Access to Autism Resources Across the US JAMA Network Open |
Artificial Intelligence and Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Chronic Back Pain JAMA Internal Medicine |
Machine Learning Analysis of Handgun Transactions to Predict Firearm Suicide Risk JAMA Network Open |
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Pediatrics
Psychiatry
Deep Learning for Detection and Symptom Severity Assessment of ASD JAMA Network Open |
Deep Learning for Detection and Symptom Severity Assessment of ASD JAMA Network Open |
Machine Learning and Statistics in Clinical Research Articles JAMA Pediatrics |
Perspectives of Youths on the Ethical Use of Artificial Intelligence JAMA Network Open |
Machine Learning–Based Prediction of ADHD and Sleep Problems Among Children JAMA Network Open |
Evaluation of Risk of Bias in Neuroimaging-Based AI Models for Psychiatric Diagnosis JAMA Network Open |
Accuracy, User Engagement, and Themes of Eating Disorder Content in Social Media Short Videos JAMA Network Open |
Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Geographic Access to Autism Resources Across the US JAMA Network Open |
Use of Machine Learning to Identify Children with Kawasaki Disease JAMA Network Open |
Artificial Intelligence and Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Chronic Back Pain JAMA Internal Medicine |
Estimation of Visual Function Using Deep Learning in Retinitis Pigmentosa JAMA Ophthalmology |
Machine Learning Analysis of Handgun Transactions to Predict Firearm Suicide Risk JAMA Network Open |
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Surgery
An Informatics Tool to Detect Periprocedural Antibiotic Allergy Adverse Events JAMA Network Open |
Machine Learning–Based Prognostic Model for Patients After Lung Transplantation JAMA Network Open |
Can The Matrix Help Treat Recurrent Hepatocellular Carcinoma? JAMA Surgery |
Role of Artificial Intelligence in the Association Between Time of Day and Colonoscopy Quality JAMA Network Open |
Association Between the Patient-Physician Relationship and Completion of Bariatric Surgery JAMA Network Open |
Use of a Prediction Model to Enhance Early Detection of Need for Massive Transfusion JAMA Network Open |
Validation of a Prediction Model for Need for Massive Transfusion JAMA Network Open |
FDA Approves Artificial Intelligence Device for Guiding Regional Anesthesia JAMA |
Machine Learning Models Using Perioperative Data for Mortality After Cardiac Surgery JAMA Network Open |
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Radiology
Use of Deep-Learning Algorithm to Guide Novices in Performing FAST JAMA Network Open |
Evaluation of Risk of Bias in Neuroimaging-Based AI Models for Psychiatric Diagnosis JAMA Network Open |
Artificial Intelligence to Detect Lesions in Digital Breast Tomosynthesis JAMA Network Open |
Chest Radiograph Captions Based on Natural Language Processing vs Completed by Radiologists JAMA Network Open |
Deep Learning–Based Synthetic Bone-Suppressed Model for Pulmonary Nodule Detection JAMA Network Open |
Algorithm to Differentiate Colon Carcinoma From Diverticulitis in Computed Tomography Images JAMA Network Open |
Development of a Machine Learning Model for Sonographic Assessment of Gestational Age JAMA Network Open |
Artificial Intelligence Model for Detection of Pneumothorax in Chest Radiographs JAMA Network Open |
FDA Approves Artificial Intelligence Device for Guiding Regional Anesthesia JAMA |
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Surgery
Radiology
An Informatics Tool to Detect Periprocedural Antibiotic Allergy Adverse Events JAMA Network Open |
Machine Learning–Based Prognostic Model for Patients After Lung Transplantation JAMA Network Open |
Use of Deep-Learning Algorithm to Guide Novices in Performing FAST JAMA Network Open |
Can The Matrix Help Treat Recurrent Hepatocellular Carcinoma? JAMA Surgery |
Artificial Intelligence to Detect Lesions in Digital Breast Tomosynthesis JAMA Network Open |
Role of Artificial Intelligence in the Association Between Time of Day and Colonoscopy Quality JAMA Network Open |
Chest Radiograph Captions Based on Natural Language Processing vs Completed by Radiologists JAMA Network Open |
Association Between the Patient-Physician Relationship and Completion of Bariatric Surgery JAMA Network Open |
Deep Learning–Based Synthetic Bone-Suppressed Model for Pulmonary Nodule Detection JAMA Network Open |
Use of a Prediction Model to Enhance Early Detection of Need for Massive Transfusion JAMA Network Open |
Algorithm to Differentiate Colon Carcinoma From Diverticulitis in Computed Tomography Images JAMA Network Open |
Validation of a Prediction Model for Need for Massive Transfusion JAMA Network Open |
Development of a Machine Learning Model for Sonographic Assessment of Gestational Age JAMA Network Open |
FDA Approves Artificial Intelligence Device for Guiding Regional Anesthesia JAMA |
Artificial Intelligence Model for Detection of Pneumothorax in Chest Radiographs JAMA Network Open |
Machine Learning Models Using Perioperative Data for Mortality After Cardiac Surgery JAMA Network Open |
FDA Approves Artificial Intelligence Device for Guiding Regional Anesthesia JAMA |
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Original Investigation

Bilingual Digital Tool to Reduce Alcohol Use in Latino Emergency Department Patients

Federico E. Vaca, MD, MPH, James Dziura, PhD et al.

JAMA Network Open |

Invited Commentary

Bilingual Care in Clinical Trials

Parker Entrup, BS, Stephanie Garcia, MD et al.

JAMA Network Open |

JAMA Forum

ChatGPT and Physicians’ Malpractice Risk

Michelle M. Mello, JD, PhD, MPhil, Neel Guha, MS

JAMA Health Forum |

Original Investigation

Non–ventilator-Associated Hospital-Acquired Pneumonia in US Hospitals

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JAMA Network Open |

Viewpoint

Global Mental Health Services and AI-Powered Language Models

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JAMA Psychiatry |

Original Investigation

Readmission Information Sharing and Discharge Destination Among Older Adults

Sara D. Turbow, MD, MPH, Mohammed K. Ali, MD, MSc, MBA et al.

JAMA Network Open |

Original Investigation

Use of Immunization Information Systems in Ascertainment of COVID-19 Vaccinations

Karen L. Schneider, PhD, Elizabeth J. Bell, MPH, PhD et al.

JAMA Network Open |

Original Investigation

Social Media and Emergency Medicine Physicians’ Emotional Well-being During COVID-19

Anish K. Agarwal, MD, MPH, MS, Juhi Mittal, MSc et al.

JAMA Network Open |

Original Investigation

Ransomware Attack Associated With Disruptions at Adjacent EDs

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JAMA Network Open |

Viewpoint

Overdose Detection Technologies—A New Frontier in Preventing Solitary Drug Overdose Deaths

Ju Nyeong Park, PhD, MHS, Traci C. Green, PhD, MSc et al.

JAMA Psychiatry |
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